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A. H. TMT.

K GDKING WOOD. l No. 5,722. Patented Aug. 22, 1848.-

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UNITED STATES ii l A. H. TAIT, 0F PLATTSBURG, NEWYORK.

IMPROVEMENTV-.QNVCOKilNt-B WUOD BY THE WASTE HEAT 0F {RON-FURN'ACES.

Specification forming pni'tof Letters Patent No. 5,122, dated-August 22, 1848.

To 'all whom it 'may concern:

Be itknown that l, AUGUSTUS HENRY '.lArr,

of the town of Plattsburg, in the county of Clinton and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improveinentiii the Mode of (JokingWood in a Kiln or Oven and Extracting Pyroligneous Acid from the same; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description. l

The nature of my invention consists in an arrangement ot' horizontal fines, constructed of brick, soapstone, iron, or any otlirsuitable material, placed parallel with each other and at a sufficient distance apart to allow walls to he built between them, the walls rising alittle above the top surface of the 'pipes' Upon these walls I stack or pile the wood, which is thus kept from pressing upon the surface of the pipes and atteningor breaking'them when in a heated state, and thereby diminishing the uespace, or in the event of breakage allowing the tlame and atmospheric air to have access to the wood and thus consume it instead of distilling from it its valuable components. I generally construct my lues about twelve or fifteen inches in diameter, with about eightinches spacebetween them, and settwelve o r more. in a bed, the number depending on the size of the oven. They are found to work best about twenty feet long, the length being regulated by the temperature of the holtai inthc fines, as I' require that the tlues sb'oul .be at a red heat in order to produce the best effect in point of economy| l and exeelleiiceMoi result. The entire surface" of the ue-lisia owed'to radiate the heat, the iiues being severallyr laid between the two contiguous bearing piers or walls directly upon a solid foundation of masonry. Thus all the heat is imported by radiation from the lue to the wood, and then by its ascensive properties finds its way to the top of the oven or dome by whichtheapparatus is surrounded and covered. i lThe upper part of the oven thus becomes heated to the proper degree of temperature, the wood becomes coked and gives on' its component gases, the operation continuing in a downward direction until the whole mass of wood has been operated on. During the operation the gases are i taken from tlie top ot' the oven by a tube of proper capacity, which conducts them to the condenser, and the pyroligneous acid is here extracted.

I find that economical arrangement is made by constructing one or more ovens in connection with ironworks, the waste heat being conducted by a flue from the furnace, which iiue forms a chamber from which the bed of radiatingtlues belonging to the oven are led and 'receive the heat, which, having passed through them, is .received into another lue running across the other ends of the radiatingues. This last ue leads directly to the chimney. ln the tirst flue is a damper to regulate the draft through the iiues. Great care is taken to construct the oven of such materials and in such .manner as to prevent loss of heat by radiation from the kilns or the admission of air, as I wish to secure a dry distillation of materials.

Let Figure l represent a vertical cross-section of the oven; Fig. 2, a vertical longitudinal section; Fig. 3, a horizontal section; Fig. 4, a detailed section, showing onan enlarged scale the end ue and the method ot' setting the radiating-fines.

Let A, Figs. 3 and 4, represent the entrance to the tlue ot' the oven from the iron-furnaces; B, Figs. 2 and 3, the dempers by which to regulate the temperature of the oven 5 C, Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the ue from which the radiating-fines D D l), Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, proceed; E, Figs. 2 and 3, the flue in which they terminate and whchycollects the heated air from the iues D D D and conducts it tothe chimney; F, Fig. 3, the dral't, being in the direction indicated by the arrows drawn in red.

G, Figs. 1 and 2, 'represents the air-tight chamber or oven in which the wood is stacked or piled, and it is generally filled nearly to the top of the arch, the wood being passed in y through the apertures H H, Figs. l and 2, and is laid upon the walls or piers J J J, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, being laid across them in such man; ner as not to rest upon the ilues. The remainder of the'wood is then carefully piled, so as to leave sufficient space for the heat to penetrate to every part oi' the pile. The apertures H H are then carefully closed and luted. The damper B being opened, the cokin g commences, the gases in their exit passing through the pipe I, Figs. l and 2, to the condenser.

I have before mentioned that I have found an advantage in peint of economy in employing the waste or escape heat from iron-furnaces-to coke the wond; bnt`I do not mean to restrict myself to the location ot iron-worksv for the establishment ot my apparatus. In many situations where wood is abundant I may use either the wood or the charcoal-as a. fuel, unless there is agood market for the latter material.

I- do not intendclaiming the method of extracting pyroligneous acid from wood by the process ot' dry distillation. Neither do-I intend claiming the coking of Wood and extracting acid therefrom in a close oven, the same havl ingi been done before; but

What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The application of waste or escapeheat from forge or furnace fires making iron to the purpose of coking Wood byradiation from the lines D D D, constructed of iron or any other suitable material, and in the same process 'of Witnesses:

GEORGE MOORE,

P. G. ELLsWoRTH. 

